Temperature-changing apparatus.



W. J. DAVIS.

TEMPERATURE CHANGING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY23. I917. 1,72,232. Patented July 9,1918.

3 SHEE S-SHE T I. A i

W. J. DAVIS.

TEMPERATURE CHANGING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED IULY23. 1917. 1,272,232.

Patented'July 9, 1918.

JIwe/ 3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

w. 1. DAVIS TEMPERATURE CHANGINGAPPARATUS.

I APPLICATION FILED lULY23. 19H. 1 ,272,232. Patented July 9,1918.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WILLIAM J. DAVIS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

TEMPERATURE-CHANGING APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 9, 1918.

Application filed July 23, 191?. Serial No. 182,116.

ing is a full, clear, and exact specification.

My invention is concerned with temperature-changin apparatus of the character in which a flui to be treated, i. e., heated or cooled, is run through a tortuous passage surrounded by "another tortuous passage through which is run. a hotter or colder, as the case may be, treating fluid, so that the heat may be transferred from the hotter to the cooler fluid, and vice versa, the apparatus being more especially designed for use in pasteurizing outfits for'milk, etc., where the same form of apparatus supplied with hot water, can be used to heat milk to a pasteurizing temperature or, supplied with cold water or brine, 'used for cooling it, after pasteurizing and before bottling it, and it is designed to improve upon such apparatus as has been heretofore used by using to a greater extent than has been possible heretoiflore all the thermal units inthe heating uid.

ferred form, the tortuous passage for the treating fluid is constructed so as to be readily surrounded with a jacket spaced therefrom so as to form a dead-air space from which the air can be exhaust d to form a vacuum about said passa e to grevent radiation and loss or gain of eat-from the outer surface thereof. To the same'end of conserving heat or cold, I secure a larger contact surface for the fluid to be treated by running it through a plurality of small tubes grouped in a single large tube through which the treating fluid flows.

Another feature of my novel apparatus is the employment of a novel distributing guide for the fluid to be treated, at the turns, when I employ the plurality of small pipes in a group, so that all the pipes inthe same group carry their proportion of the milk.

Still another feature resides in the employment of one or more vent pipes leadin from enlargements in the passage for the uid to be treated to the atmosphere, so that hot in Temperature-.

In carrying out my invention in its preyapors and odors can escape therefrom during the process.

To illustrate my invention, I annex hereto threesheets of drawings, in which the same reference characters are used to designate identical parts in all the figures, of which, Figure 1 is a side elevation of a unit contammg my invention;

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal vertical section through the same;

Fig. 3 is an end elevation of oneend, on

a larger scale; I

Fig. 4 is a View of the same end, but with the door and connecting elbows swung open; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3, but of the other end;

Fig. 6 is aview of the same end, but with the doors swung open;

Fig. 7 is a detail, in section, on the line 77 of Fig. 3;

Figs. 8 and 9 are details, in section, on the lines 8-8 and 9-9, of Fig. 2, but on the same scale as Figs. 3 to 7, inclusive;

Fig. 10 is a detail, in section, on the line 10-10-01? Fig. 7;

Fig. 11 is a top plan view of the end seen in Flg. 7; and i Fig. 12 is a detail, in section, on the lines 12-12 of Fig. 7.

In carrying out my invention in its preferred form, I "employ a pair of heads 20 and 21, which are connected by a air of similar jackets 22 and 23. The jacliets 22 and 23 are preferably elongated hollow castings, which may be slightly tapered as shown, and are provided at their ends with heads 24 and 25, which may be integral therewith, or not, as desired. Formed in each head are a-pair of circular apertures 26, through which are passed by a snug fit the ends of the large treating-fluid pipes 27, a liquid-tight joint being formed preferably by the packing 28 and the packing rings 29 screwed into the enlarged outer portionv of the aperture 26; The head 24 is provided at its upperend with a recess 30 into which the pipe 27 opens, and connected with the upper part of this recess in any suitable manner is the pipe 31 for the exit of the treatin fluid, assuming that the said fluid enters t rough the pipe 32 in the lower head 24 and emerges from the pipe 31 in the upper head. As shown in Figs. 2 and 7, there are four of the pipe 27 pipes 27, the first and second, and third and fourth, respectively, counting from the top,

being connected in the head 25, while the sec-,

passages formed by the apertures 34 in the heads 20 and 21, which register with the passages 35 formed in the generally semispherical doors 36, the details of which will be explained more fully at a later point. The pipe, 32 opens. into a recess 37 in the lower end of the head 24, corresponding to the recess 30 in the upper end thereof. With the construction thus far explained, it will be apparent that there is formed a tortuous passage for the heating fluid entering through the pipe 32, passing through the recess 37 into the lowermost of the pipes 27, through said pipe to the lower recess in the head 25, through said recess and the pas-- sages 34 and 35 to the next to the bottom through which it returns to the head 24, and through the same passages enters the next to the top pipe 27, through which it passes to the head 25, and through the same passages reaches that end of the uppermost pipe 27 through which it flows to the Y recess 30 and is discharged from the pipe 31.

Referring now to the passages for the milk, or other liquid to be treated, it is delivered by a suitable pipe, detachably connected to the elbow 38, which has the flanged face 39, preferably ground, and held tightly against the outer, preferably ground, face of the adjacent upper portion of the head 20. As

p a convenient method of mounting this and the similar elbow 40 at the bottom, I. employ the yoke 41, best seen in Fig. 11, which is hinged at 42 to the ears '43, which are rigidly secured to the head portion 24 of the casing 22. The yoke 41 is in turn hinged at 44 to ears 45 projecting outward from the elbows 38 and 40, and the forked end 46 of the yoke is passed over the bolt 47 hinged at 48 to the ears 49 secured on the opposite side of the head 24 from the ears 43. The wing nut 50 coiiperating with the threaded end of the bolt 47 furnishes means for drawing the ground faces of the elbows tightly against the coiiperating ground faces of the head 20, and the packing annulus 51-mounted in the annular channel 52 in the face of the flange 39 also serves to make a liquidtight joint.

The tortuous passages for the liquid to be treated are formed by the plurality of small pipes 53 grouped inside of ithe pipes 27, preferably in the manner best shown in; Figs. 8 and 9, and thesepipes have their ends secured by a liquidtight joint in the disk 54, which is inserted by a liquid-tight joint in the circular aperture 55 in the head 20; a liquid-tight joint, capable of expansion, preferably being formed by making an annular recess in the outerfaceof the head 20 around the aperture 55 so as to receive the annular packing 56 and the threaded ring 57 by which the packing is secured in place. All these pipes 53 are secured at their ends in the heads 20 and 21 in the same manner, and it is obvious that the plurality of small passages in the pipes 53 must be connected at the alternate ends through the doors 36, of which there will be one at each end where two sets of the pipes 53 are to be connected. These doors 36 are preferably castings, and are preferably provided adjacent their outer faces with the cored-out hollows 58, corresponding to the general shape of the outer faces of the doors, and serving as vacuum spaces to prevent the escape of'heat through said doors. The connecting passages 35 have already been noted, and the faces of the doors cooperating with the ground faces of the heads 20 and 21 are likewise preferably ground and provided with the elliptical: channels 59 for a packing, andwith theintermediate channel '60 for the same purpose, the two sets of channels being necessary to form theliquid-tight joints separating the passages for the heating fluid and the milk. To fur nish an indication in case of a leak past either of these channels 59 and 60, I place between them a straight channel 61 extending entirely across the door, so that if the milk or the water is leaking past its packing channel 60 or 59, it will run out at the ends of the channel 61, indicating the leak and which channel it is in, so it can be remedied. The doors are preferably supported and clamped in position by the connections best shown in Figs-7 and 10, where it will be' seen that each of said doors has at its top and bottom a hand bolt 62 screwed through a suitable aperture in the yoke 63 and pro-, vided with the ball at its inner end coiiperating with the socket formed on the outer face of the door. The yoke 63 is hinged at 64 to the ears 65 secured to -the heads 24 and 25, and its other end is provided with a suitable bearing surface 66 over which passes one of the two coiiperating surfaces .67 formed on the locking handle 68 journaled at both ends in the brackets 68 secured on the heads 24 and 25. Obviously,

when the door is to be opened to clean the device, the handle 68 is swung away, after which the doors can be swung 'open by swinging the yokes 63 on the hinges 64.

To insure all the pipes 33 in the uppermost set being uniformly filled, 1 preferably locate in theelbow 38 a quadrant-shaped guide-piece 69, which is shaped as seenin Figs. 6 and 11, and in its general shape is adapted to be slipped into the passage through the elbow 38 from its vertical opening when the elbow is swung out. The guide piece 69 is provided with a central passage 70 adapted to coiSpera-te with the central pipe 53, and in its outer face is provided with a series ofchannels 71 adapted to cotiperate with the outer pipes 53. With this spreading device, it will be obvious that the milk flowing vertically down into the top of the elbow will be distributed sub stantially uniformly through the entire set of pipes 53, whereas if this uide or spreader was not employed, it won d tend to fill up the lower pipes 53, leaving the upper ones empty. For the same purpose, I provide in each of the doors a similar quadrant guide 72, best seen in Figs. 7 and 12, and to preventthe same being removed and damaged in cleaning, I preferably hinge it near to the open side of the door by thepin 73. In use, the quadrant occupies the position shown in Fig. 7, but when the door is opened for cleansing purposes, it can be swung up outward to give free access to the inside of the door, and also to facilitate the cleaning of the circular passages 74 therethrough, which correspond with the passages 7 O and 71 of the elbow-guide 69.

It will also be evident that the milk flowing from the pipes 53 into the open upper portion of the door will not completely fill said open upper portion, which has a much greater cross-sectional area than the pipes, and in this enlargement 'of'the passage, it is possible for the vapors arising from the heated milk to expand and separate therefrom, and to permit them to escape to the air, thus removing some of the surplus heat and possible odors, I provide the vent pipe 75 screwed through the side of the door and connected with a vertical tube or extension 76, which is preferably made of glass. If the proper amount of milk is flowing through the pipes 53, the milk does not stand in the pipe 76, but if the milk should be fed to the apparatus too rapidly, it will stand in the pipe 76, and possibly overflow, thus warning the operator to cut down the supply delivered to the apparatus. If desired, I may place an outwardly opening checkvalve in the tube 76 toprevent the possibility of sucking in cold or hot air from the outside.

To prevent more than the proper portion of the heating fluid passing directly from the end of the first tube 27 to the second one, and from the second to the third, etc., and to compel the desired proportion to go through the passages 35 in the doors, I place the rib 77 transversely of the recess 33 between each of the cotiperating ends of said pipes 27, thereby narrowing the direct passage for the hot water and compelling a proper proportion to flow through the passage 35. Each of the casings 22 .and 23 are shown as provided with check-valves 78, to which air pumps are to be applied, for exhausting the air therefrom so as to maintain a vacuum about the pipes 27. Similar valves may be connected to the doors 36 to exhaust the air from the spaces 58.

While I have shown and described my invention as embodied in the form which I at present consider best adapted to carry out its purposes, it will be understood that it is capable of modifications, and that I do not desire to be limited in the interpretation of the following claims except as may be necessitated by the state of the prior art.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is:

1. In a device of the class described, the combination with a pair of heads, of a plurality of large tubes connecting said heads, connected to each other at alternate ends through said heads, a series of smaller tubes inclosed within the larger ones and passing through said heads, doors secured to the outer faces of the heads containing connecting passages for said smaller tubes at alternate ends, and a quadrant-shaped guide containing curved passages coiiperating with the lower set of small tubes opening into the connecting passages in the doors.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination with a pair of heads, of a plurality of large tubes connecting said heads. connected to each other at alternate ends, a. series of smaller tubes inclosed within the larger ones and passing through said heads, doors secured to the outer faces of the heads containing connecting passages for said smaller tubes at alternate ends, an elbow coiiperating with the outer face of the head and the smaller tubes, a yoke having the elbow pivoted in the center thereof hinged to one side of the head, and means at the other end of the yoke for forcing it toward the head to clamp the elbow to the head.

3. In a device of the class described, the combination with a pair of heads, of a plurality of large tubes connecting said heads, connected to each other at alternate ends, a series of smaller tubes inclosed within the larger ones and passing through said heads, doors secured to the outer faces of the heads containing connecting passages for said smaller tubes at alternate ends and a quadrant-shaped member cotiperating with the entrance end of a series of the smaller tubes having a. plurality of passages therethrough corresponding to the tubes which form a continuation thereof.

. 4. In a device of the class described, the combination with a pair of heads, of the large heating-fluid pipes connecting said heads, smaller pipes therein for heating the fluid to be treated, doors coiiperating with said heads and having .two sets of passages therethrough to connect the adjacent ends of the two sets of pipes at alternate ends to form two sets of tortuous passages for the heating fluid and the fluid to be treated, packing channels and packing therein in the opposed faces of the heads and doors surrounding the openings therein for the two sets-of passages, and transverse channels be- 7 tween the channels for the two sets of pas- 10 sages to disclose leaks, substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and afli'xed my seal, this 21st day of July, A. D. 1917 WILLIAM J DAVIS. [L.S.]

Witness: I

J on: HOWARD MCELROY. 

